№5 (137) — 2020

Abstract. The article shows the attitude to the Second World War of two strata of compatriots: dissidents and collaborators. He explores the genesis, causes, motivation that led them to a grave crime, which is the betrayal of the homeland and the willingness to cooperate with its enemies. In the author’s field of vision are foreign centers that continuously carry out subversive activities against the USSR and Russia for decades. The article contains conclusions, a number of wishes regarding Russian historical science, which can help cleanse the history of the Second World War from slander and insinuations of enemies, from excessive praise and turn it into a strict scientific discipline and a true school of patriotism for successive generations of Russians.

Abstract. On February 25, 2020, at the age of 95, the heart of the last Marshal of the Soviet Union, Dmitry Timofeevich Yazov, stopped beating. A 17-year-old guy in November 1941, not having time to finish high school, he volunteered to begin military service. After the war he graduated from the Military Academy named after M.V. Frunze and continued his career as a military man. In 1987, Army General D.T. Yazov became Minister of Defense of the Soviet Union, and in 1989 received the title of Marshal of the Soviet Union. The last Marshal of the USSR, Dmitry Timofeevich Yazov, was buried on February 28, 2020 at the Military Memorial Treasure Bishop in Mytishchi.

Abstract. Now, in the conditions of neo-fascist challenges, knowledge of the true history of the Second World War, the names and merits of the heroes who sacrificed their lives for the freedom and prosperity of the peoples of the Soviet Union are acquiring special significance. It is our duty to the generation that has defeated fascism in spite of enormous difficulties. In this regard, Azerbaijan’s participation in the Great Patriotic War and knowledge of the real facts about it are instructive. Azerbaijan made a significant contribution to the victory in this war. The life of such people as General Azi Aslanov is a great example of the manifestation of Azerbaijani patriotism, distinguished by an understanding of the unity of national and international, Azerbaijani and national moral values.

Abstract. With the establishment of the Nazi dictatorship in Germany in 1933, leaders of the Communist Party of Germany, as well as German anti-fascist writers, took refuge in the Soviet Union. Observations of what is happening in the world and the new sociocultural conditions of the Soviet state influenced the correlation of the political and national components of the identity of political emigrants, which in turn was reflected in their projects about the future of Germany. Based on previously unpublished documents of the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History, the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art, as well as texts of official documents, newspaper and magazine articles, the author analyzes the change in the ratio of the identities of German political emigrants. The chronological framework of the article covers four pre-war years – from 1935 to 1939. Along with the use of historical-genetic and historical-comparative methods, the article attempts to challenge the established approach to autobiographical documents using the theory of communicative action by Jürgen Habermas. To analyze the ideas and slogans of political emigrants, the author turns to the developments of the Cambridge School of Intellectual History. The author concludes that the national and political components of the identity of political emigrants are balanced in the period under review. Despite the influence of the Soviet system, as well as political emigrants belonging to the communist ideology, cliché slogans had a national etymology and were in tune with the ideas of Europeans and compatriots in other countries of the world. The interaction of German politicians and writers in emigration allowed them to maintain the national component of identity – something that functionaries could not talk about, art workers expressed. In this regard, the emigrants did not face the difficulty of separating the Nazi from the German. The article shows the significant influence of the revolution and the Civil War in Spain (1936-1939) on the ideas and the political component of the identity of political emigrants. Bibliogr. 18 titles.

Abstract. The article considers Nazism as a destructive political ideology that foundation the political regime of Germany in the 30-40s of the XX century. The results of the analysis of the doctrine of national socialism, key documents and regulations that defined the political and legal structure of the Nazi regime are presented.

Abstract. The article presents an analysis of the representation of the image of the king in narrative sources dating back to the time of the formation of the Hittite state, as well as the ancient Hittite period. The specific features of the perception of imperial power that are characteristic of this era are revealed – the authors of the texts see the image of the king as a military leader, judge, high priest and servant of the gods, endowed with their patronage, but not deified. Later, there is a sharp shift in emphasis in the sources with a shift of attention to the description of the personal qualities of the ruler: intelligence, cunning, diplomatic skills, as well as to subjects related to the institution of dynastic marriages. At the same time, the ideas of the king’s exceptional proximity to the gods became much more prominent. The priestly powers of the ruler are expanding. A stable wording “the king became god” appears as a euphemism for death, testifying to the emergence and spread of the royal cult. Much more often there are motives of the king’s responsibility to the deities for the fate, life, health and well-being of their subjects. All this allows us to talk about the reflection in the culture characteristic of the New Hettian kingdom of the tendency to strengthen the power of the labarna (tsar), its centralization, and to strengthen in the minds of the people.

Abstract. The article is devoted to the identification of socio-psychological factors affecting the formation of the phenomenon of satisfaction with marriage in married couples with different lengths of family life. Based on a study of 24 couples, it was revealed that the key factor in family well-being is the psychological compatibility of the spouses. Substantive analysis revealed the high importance of respondents’ attitudes toward marriage, the importance of emotional comfort in the family and ability to cope with conflicts. A statistically confirmed high level of consistency of family values in pairs was revealed. An analysis of the role expectations and claims in marriage has shown the high importance of family relationships and the role adequacy of spouses.

Abstract. In this article the author considers the modern world processes, where the process of globalization is the center of attention and its effect on national languages is obvious. The main source of contention in respect of language culture is the loss of language cultural identity. Intellectual competitiveness is of high priority and here the national language and national culture play very important role. Americanism and Britishism envision into national languages leads to language internationalization. English language entry into all spheres of our life results in creation of so called “global language” as well as global culture, that is the process that requires research study. Russian language needs to be protected and dealt with great care, keeping in mind that any language is a social phenomenon. What we need is the monitoring of language transformation to make sure its evolution goes without any collision and disruption.

Abstract. The article analyzes the stylistic device of decomposition of set phrases in English economic discourse, its persuasive qualities and its role in the development of intercultural competence in students of economics. The author points out that figurative speech is a frequent feature of English economic discourse as this type of discourse abounds in complex concepts while metaphors are exceptionally useful in expressing abstract notions though more familiar images. The author compares the classification of figurative language by Russian and foreign scholars and concludes that the term “metaphor” used by Western scholars often corresponds to what Russian linguists call a phraseological unit or trite / dead metaphor. The author looks at examples of decomposition of set phrases in English economic discourse and identifies several ways of using this technique: taking advantage of the context, creating a sustained metaphor and combining several phraseological units of a common source field in one discourse segment. Given the frequent occurrence of the stylistic device of decomposition of set phrases, the author questions the term “dead metaphor”. Finally, the author makes a strong case for making students of economics aware of the device of decomposition of set phrases, as well as the main metaphorical models (conceptual metaphors) of English economic discourse. Studying this phenomenon will make students more proficient in text analysis, translation, summary writing; it will enable them to see what kind of effect the writer / speaker seeks to produce on the audience and sensitize them to cultural knowledge contained in figurative language.

Abstract.In the article, on the basis of personal data of students of several musical and pedagogical Universities of China, the main problems of modern piano education are briefly considered. It is noted that it is still in the period of its formation – the mass character inherent in it has its negative sides. For example, the prevalence of technological aspects on the identification of the artistic content in musical works, lack of actualization of personal qualities of students, etc. In the answers of the questionnaire recorded some of the specifications characteristic of this sphere of education. For example, the issues of differentiation of listening and performing experience, interest in the musical profession, repertoire policy, genre representativeness of the educational repertoire, priority areas and favorite genres in music, the presence of musical instruments. One of the important conclusions in the article is the lack of attention of students to the interpretive component of musical performance. The article emphasizes that the limited repertoire according to certain standards of academic disciplines does not sufficiently take into account the individuality of a particular student, his own creative and personal qualities, the trajectory of musical development. In addition, despite the high motivational readiness to perceive works of musical art, this process often lacks systematization and quality of the story about music, appeal to its high artistic content, often highly spiritual, philosophical, inseparable from a particular socio-cultural context, national mentality.

Abstract. The article is devoted to the topic of choosing a repertoire for expectant mothers. This topic should be included in the curriculum of musical universities and secondary schools, especially pedagogical ones. It is necessary in such disciplines as “Musical Psychology” and “Musical Therapy”. Based on the data of the psychology of the perinatal period and the musicological types of analysis, the authors conclude that in choosing a repertoire it is necessary to proceed from harmonious unity and a beneficial effect on the health of the future mother, and the artistic phenomenon, the semantic content of music. The position is put forward that in the history of European musical culture (the material of the article is limited to it), there are four major genre-stylistic directions containing the largest number of works suitable for the psychotherapeutic repertoire: liturgical, folklore, classical and Soviet mass songs. It is emphasized that the competence of students of musical educational institutions and music departments in matters of choosing a repertoire and the proper organization of the learning process is due, firstly, to the possibility of their future professional activity – occupations with this kind of contingent (future mothers), and secondly, those educational tasks, which are assigned to the musician in everyday life, regardless of his official duties, to be a conductor of culture and moral foundations among the widest sections of the population.

Abstract. The problems of teaching introductory reading of linguistically gifted students of primary school age are determined. A theoretical analysis of scientific research on the problem of teaching reading in a foreign language is given. The importance of an individual approach to teaching English is noted. Based on the results of the pedagogical experiment, the influence of the installation, the audio sample of the text on the reading productivity, the relationship of cognitive processes, manifested in the reading process, is proved. The fact of the impact of an additional motivational positive stimulus on reading results is questioned. The scientific novelty of the study is to determine the patterns of development of familiarization reading skills in students with high linguistic abilities, as well as the features of their learning. Peculiarities of teaching reading to linguistically gifted students are: the formation of a system of positive motives for a holistic process of mastering the English language; increasing the difficulty of the text; providing additional installation while reading; development of listening skills. Peculiarities of understanding and interpretation of the main and secondary information during the introductory reading are revealed. The dominant factor of achieving a high reading result is revealed, which is the pre-reading process of reading audio. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using conclusions in the development of reading skills of students of primary school age.

Abstract. Among the Nenets and Slavs of childhood, living in the North of Siberia, seven types of lateral profiles are distinguished according to three characteristics: the leading arm, ear, eye. Analysis of the laterality profiles of motor and sensory functions showed that among children of the Nenets and children of the Slavs most often individuals with right signs in the motor sphere were found. The combination of right motor and right sensory signs were more often detected among Nenets children. Correlation analysis confirms the complexity of the interaction of motor and sensory functions in children from among the Nenets and Slavs and their dependence on the age factor. Direct correlations between the age and asymmetry of hearing and asymmetry of vision among the Nenets, and between age and the asymmetry of vision among the Slavs were obtained. Correlations between motor asymmetry and asymmetry of hearing and vision among the Nenets people, between motor asymmetry and asymmetry of vision among the Slavs are obtained. While studying correlations, a direct connection was found between the asymmetry of hearing and school anxiety among the Slavs, between motor asymmetry and general anxiety, and also between asymmetry of vision and depression among the Nenets.

Abstract. The article analyzes the study of the level of preparedness of police officers to work with teenagers in the temporary detention Center for juvenile offenders (Center).

Center is one of the subjects in the system of internal Affairs bodies that provide prevention of neglect and juvenile delinquency. Their main activities are aimed at social adaptation of minors, instilling moral values and teaching them the rules of human living.

The purpose of this study is to identify the level of preparedness of police officers to work with adolescents in the Center (theoretical, practical and personal preparedness). Identification of the level of professional competence of police officers required to work with teenagers in the Center.

The study was carried out using expert evaluation. E. Sheina; A. Assinger’s test; V. V. Boyko’s Questionnaire “Definition of integral forms of communicative aggressiveness”; Semantic differential; A.V. Sazhin’s questionnaire “Moral stability”.

Abstract. In the era of globalization, interest in learning English as a means of interethnic communication is growing. An increasing number of representatives of different nationalities are involved in the process of mastering the English language. Regardless of nationality, all English learners face certain difficulties in acquiring language communication skills. Difficulties can cause not only lexical, grammatical and phonetic features of language construction, but also differences in cultural traditions, psychological characteristics of students. Effective use of the latest methods to overcome language barriers contributes to the successful mastery of the English language. The teacher plays a key role in motivating and maintaining students’ interest in learning the language and creating a favorable environment in the classroom, which contributes to the most effective assimilation of the material and the development of language competencies. In the course of learning English, students acquire not only language skills, but also get acquainted with the history of the country of the language being studied, improve interpersonal communication skills, learn to overcome difficulties, and develop skills in planning, setting and achieving goals. Thus, the proper organized study of the English language contributes to the formation and development of personality.

Abstract. The article presents a comparative analysis between the image of the “I” of the personality of an Instagram blogger and the perception of the media image of an Instagram blogger in a youth environment. The subject of the research is the image of the “I” of the personality of the Instagram – the blogger and the perception of the media image of the Instagram – bloggers in the youth environment. The hypothesis of the study is that there are differences between the image of the “I” of the personality of the Instagram – the blogger and the perception of the media image of the Instagram – bloggers in the youth environment according to the following parameters: self-esteem, self-attitude, attitude to life, meaningfulness of life. The following methods were used: 1. Author’s profile for bloggers; 2. Test – self-questionnaire S.R. Panteleeva; 3. Test “Self-esteem” S.A. Budassi (modification of N.M. Peysakhov); 4. Test “Meaningful life orientations” D.A. Leont’ev (methodology of SJO); 5. Methods of self-esteem Dembo – Rubinstein; 6. Author’s profile “Who is the blogger for you on Instagram?”; 7. Methodology “Value Orientations” M. Rokich. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time the differences between the “I” image of the Instagram personality of a blogger and the perception of the media image of Instagram bloggers in a youth environment are identified by parameters: self-esteem, self-attitude, attitude to life, meaningfulness of life. Based on the results of an empirical study, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1) There are differences between the perception of Instagram bloggers by Instagram users and the self-esteem of Instagram bloggers in terms of: “Mind”, “Appearance”, “Self-Confidence”, “Character”, “ The ability to do with your own hands, something yourself ”; 2) The differences between the user perception of self-assessment of Instagram bloggers and the actual level of self-esteem of Instagram bloggers are established.

Abstract. Actual technologies that implement the face recognition mechanism are currently gaining particular importance. Numerous studies conducted in this direction are caused, first of all, by the ever-increasing practical needs of society. Despite the familiar procedure for pattern recognition, identification of people’s faces, the implementation of these procedures by computer systems, including the decoding and storage of digital images of faces, is not yet fully developed. The main task in this regard is the task of the optimal search and identification of a low-contrast object, which is considered the human face. Its solution can be based on the systems of cyber vision, both in the light of the classical problem of perception, and in the light of new approaches. In this regard, a special role is given to the study of factors to a greater extent affecting the recognition result. The article discusses approaches to the construction of recognition systems, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as issues of the practical application of these systems.

Abstract. The article substantiates the necessity of applying the method of intermodal associations in the training of future musician teachers. Music education poses new challenges in the development of innovative teaching methods necessary to enhance the professional training of future music teachers. Musical education in pedagogical universities carries a double burden, since it is aimed not only at the formation of musical abilities of the student’s personality, it should also contribute to the development of pedagogical skills for teaching children in schools in the process of continuous artistic and aesthetic development. Pedagogical experience in higher education makes it possible to expand intermodality in the synaesthesia of musical perception of a student for self-improvement of personality and independent application of acquired skills in further work. The development of intermodal associations contributes to the professional growth of the competencies of a modern music teacher, which meets the requirements for improving music education in teacher training universities.

Abstract. The relevance of the study is determined by the dynamics of socio-economic transformations, which increase the requirements not only for the quality and speed of activity, but also for the personality of the professional himself. These changes are reflected in the concept of professional identity. The formed positive professional identity is of particular importance for socionomic type professions, in particular for psychologists, where the personality of a professional is an important condition for successful activity. The purpose of the article is to determine the characteristics of professional qualities in psychologists, who have a different level of professional identity. The research base was composed of practicing psychologists (social service centers, schools and organizations), as well as senior psychology students of higher educational institutions in Volgograd. Reliability and validity of the results is ensured through the use of a complex of psychodiagnostic techniques (KLO questionnaire, Self-confidence assessment methodology, L.B. Schneider technique) and mathematical statistics methods (frequency analysis, one-way analysis of variance). The results obtained indicate that the formed professional identity of the psychologist is reflected in the different structure of general and special professional qualities. To a greater extent, the correspondence of professionally important and personal qualities is observed among psychologists with a high level of identity. They are characterized by calmness, sensitivity, ability to sympathy, courage in social interaction, trust in their own skills and abilities. Identity contributes to the establishment of clear professional and life goals, a satisfactory attitude to one’s own profession, and to fulfilled duties.

Abstract.The article briefly discusses the problem of the revival of ethnic musical culture of the provinces of modern China on the example of a large region of Inner Mongolia. This process is a key indicator of state identity. It is necessary that ethnic culture, without losing its identity and exclusivity, get a “fresh breath”, innovative mechanisms for development and dissemination, and become a native living environment for the entire population of China. Educational institutions of the country become a kind of generator for the implementation of this concept. Music education should be responsible for the dissemination of folk folklore and traditional music. The formation of a complete picture of the historical formation of the musical and artistic culture of Inner Mongolia is impossible without the involvement of interdisciplinary knowledge of students not only in music, but also in history, literature, philosophy, theater, painting, geography, biology. In order to increase the level of motivation of students, we can not do without modern learning technologies related to Internet resources, the device of various performances and art objects, historical modeling and reconstruction, conducting quests and intellectual games, music and ethnic competitions and festivals, promotion of sociological, design, advertising, tourism projects. At the same time, two points are crucial. The first is an accurate diagnosis of the audience, its age and educational levels, motivational readiness for the perception of national musical art, specific organizational conditions for educational and educational projects. Based on this, you should choose the appropriate musical material and verbal accompaniment to it. The second important point is the level of cultural-creative interpretative qualities of the student-the future specialist-educator. Traditional musical culture, as an artistic and educational phenomenon, needs a mandatory interpretation, explanation, interpretation. The popularization of the traditions of national culture is not just the translation of artistic meanings, but also the enrichment of these meanings, this Text of Culture with new meanings, concepts, associations. This process has a pronounced transformative intent and it is impossible without a high level of professional and personal interpretative qualities of the student.

Abstract. The article is devoted to the work in the piano class at a higher educational institution on the works of Chopin on the example of the First ballad op.23 g-moll. In the pedagogical aspect, the possibility of stage work is considered, which includes the development of the pianistic capabilities of students in terms of intelligence, musicality and artistry. The article notes the importance of students’ knowledge of historical, musical, aesthetic and theoretical information. In this regard, an in-depth analysis of the musical form of Chopin’s First Ballad is supposed. The problems of working on the content and artistic image of the work are also considered, with a careful study of the musical text and its musical embodiment through the “singing” intonation.

Abstract. Issues related to the implementation of the All-Russian physical-sports complex “Ready for Labor and Defense” (RWD) as the program and normative basis for the physical education system of students, especially university and university students, have been the subject of numerous scientific studies. The main assertion of the supporters of the introduction was to improve the health of children and youth, which has worsened significantly over the past few decades. The introduction of the RWD into the educational process of educational organizations, according to other scientists, can not only significantly improve the health situation of students, but also serve as the programmatic and normative basis for physical education. The implementation of the RWD complex stage 1-3 was carried out from 2014 to 2017. The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the data of a survey of first-year students of the Moscow Aviation Institute on readiness to pass the standards of the RWD complex in the 2015-2018 academic years.

Abstract. The physiological mechanism of noise immunity is the formation in the cortex of the cerebral hemispheres of the brain of a functional system, which is a powerful working dominant that is united by a common rhythm of activity and also includes the most important centers of the nervous system for its functioning. Such a system only intensifies against the background of extraneous external stimuli, and does not collapse. Third-party irritations from the external environment only contribute to the strengthening of the working dominant. Some groups of people have an unstable working dominant that is unstable to interference from outside, it is not strong enough and easily collapses under any influences, external interference and fatigue. Only as a result of applying the method of increasing noise immunity can we prepare people for professional activities in various difficult conditions. Classes in physical education during the training of students at the university are the most suitable for solving the problems of preparing for professional activities and increasing noise immunity.

Abstract. The article discusses the possibilities of using the educational information environment of the university to develop the creative activity of humanities students, as well as the difficulties associated with various aspects of students’ readiness for this type of activity. The results of a pilot study of students’ perceptions of the actual and potential possibilities of creative development in the conditions of an information-educational environment are presented. The practical application of the results is aimed at developing ways to integrate traditional and digital learning technologies.

Abstract. At present, a new education system is being formed in Russia, the most important component of which is the theory of developmental learning, covered in the works of L.V. Vygotsky, L.V. Zankov, D.B. Elkonin, V.V. Davydov, and based on the idea of the development of a child in the process of education and education. Developing learning, including in musical pedagogy (interactive-creative approach, improvisation, game technologies), is based on formation of thinking, maintenance of high level of cognitive interest and development of abilities of children. Among the proven methods of development of musical abilities of younger schoolchildren, a special place belongs to the method of German composer Carl Orff (1895–1982). His system of musical education was reflected in the manual “Schulwerk. Music for Children” (1952). The method of K. Orff takes into account individual-personal qualities of the child, peculiarities of his perception and development, so is suitable for children of different ages with different creative abilities. The use of K. Orff’s educational system in the musical education of children of primary school age is particularly effective.

Abstract. The problem of identifying the features of perception of information in modern youth is poorly understood and extremely relevant, since the available information is ambiguous, not structured, information is fragmentary and fragmented. The problem of our study is the search for the answer to the question what are the features of the perception of information by modern adolescents and whether there are age differences in this group by the parameter studied. Mass media have an intense impact on thought processes, the psychological and social condition of children and youth with an unformed worldview and self-awareness. The main tool of influence is the transmission of information through perception. That is, perception in the form of bringing an unknown phenomenon or object under a stereotype. Mass media prepare information so that it is perceived easily and unconditionally, without logical analysis, allowing you to manipulate consciousness, while teaching a teenager to think with stereotypes, lowering the cognitive level of messages. Information is presented in a fragmented form in order to create not a logical, but an emotional attitude towards it; it forms a “clip” perception. The article describes the results of an empirical study, the purpose of which is to identify differences in the characteristics of perception between adolescents 11-12, 13-14, 15-16 years old. Characteristics are given to adolescents of generation Z, the concepts of “clip” perception and thinking are analyzed, the features of perception of information by adolescents with different leading representative systems are described. The empirical study presented in the article allows us to conclude that among adolescents 15-16 years old there are more discrete samples, and among teenagers 11-12 years old there are more kinesthetics. The analysis of teenagers’ preferences in the ways of presenting information, evaluating their achievements, their propensity for Internet addiction, and multitasking is carried out.