№11 (131) — 2019

Abstract. The article is dedicated to the 105th anniversary of Russian Long-Range Aviation. The author reveals the features of the initial stage of the operation of the combat formation of “Ilya Muromets” aircraft in the context of the historical events of the First World War. It was during this period that the methodology for the combat use of this type of aircraft took shape, their tactical and technical characteristics were evaluated and quickly corrected, the best qualities of the “Murom” air fighter were empirically determined. During the war, the idea of the need for the existence and further development of aircraft manufacturing and professional training in this direction in Russia was tested. The text of the article contains two photographs of the first location of the Airborne Squadron in Jablonn (a suburb of Warsaw), which is 105 years old and a photograph of the Russian Long-Range Aviation Monument installed in the year of its centenary.

Keywords. Long-range aviation, Aircraft Squadron, aircraft manufacturing, flight training, aviation psychology.

Abstract. The author, relying on written sources, primarily draws attention to the environment in which the local painter was formed and which determined the specifics of his professional activity. The social status of the provincial artist was also important, including in connection with the issue of relations with the customer. When analyzing the vocabulary that the portrait painter uses in his work, the problems of the art primitive as the determining quality of the provincial art system are brought to the fore. The generic property of the primitive is the preservation of the stage-by-stage state of the turning point from the art of the Middle Ages to the art of the Modern History, which determines the character of the pictorial language of local portrait painters throughout the study period. This does not exclude the appeal to the experience of the main line of development of Russian painting, to the previously tested types of portraits, which were sometimes interpreted in their own way. A separate topic is the issue of military portraiture and its involvement in the idea of chivalry in various aspects. In conclusion the author outlines some problems that cannot be resolved at this stage, in particular, the issue of provincial regional schools within the national school, and emphasizes the aesthetic and semantic significance of the language of the provincial portrait in the general cultural context of the era.

Keywords: provincial artist, social status, portraiture vocabulary, art primitive, medieval art, modern art, stage state of art, the idea of chivalry.

Abstract. The article analyzes the life of the founder of the largest publishing company in pre-revolutionary Russia, the outstanding Russian entrepreneur Ivan Dmitrievich Sytin.

The main stages of his activity in the sphere of book publishing as the initiator of several dozens of publishing projects, such as textbooks and books for children, encyclopedias, collected works of classics of fiction, popular periodicals are defined. It was largely thanks to the publishing activities of I. D. Sytin that Russian society at the turn of the XIX – XX centuries gained access to domestic and foreign literature.

The most important activity of I. D. Sytin was enlightenment-preparation and production of accessible universal reference books, textbooks, literature for children, specialists in various fields of activity. Making his goal in life to educate the people, I. D. Sytin achieved that by the beginning of the XX century his company produced a quarter of all printed publications in the country, and Russia – became the most reading country in the world.

Such activities had no analogues in the world, which naturally raises I. D. Sytin to the rank of an outstanding Russian educator and philanthropist, who devoted himself to the noble cause of educating his people.

Key words: I. D. Sytin, publisher, Russian entrepreneurs, Russian classical literature, education, educational publishers, sytinskiy calendar, encyclopedia, magazine “Around the world”, the newspaper “Russian word”, the publishing house.

Abstract. The article analyzes the training of junior officers of the Russian Imperial Army – company officers – in the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries. The cadet, the future officer, received all the skills necessary for further service in military schools. They studied not only the military specialties proper, but also the fundamentals of pedagogy, so the officer was not only a commander for the soldiers, but also a mentor. The article notes the crucial role of teachers of military schools, thanks to which a highly qualified staff of the Russian Imperial Army was formed. Junkers had to learn to exemplary perform all those drill and fire training exercises that they were to train the soldiers of their unit in the future. Separately, the author notes the merit of company officers in the education of soldiers in literacy. The article gives a holistic view of the educational process in military schools and the role of young officers, more recently former cadets, in the army.

Keywords: company officers, military schools, cadets, Russian imperial army.

Abstract. The article is devoted to the initial stage of the grand polemic that engulfed the Russian press in 1903, in connection with the canonization and glorification of Seraphim of Sarovsky. The author focuses on a tough discussion that erupted in connection with the acquisition of the relics of the newly appeared saint; it was caused by the fact that the remains of the old man are poorly preserved. The article traces how this discussion unfolded, the cause of which was given by the press, which were published illegally: the Socialist Revolutionary “Revolutionary Russia” and the liberal “Liberation”; analyzes the “Necessary clarification”, which was delivered by the St. Petersburg Metropolitan Anthony on behalf of the Holy Synod; Speeches on the subject of conservative, pro-government press organs are examined in detail. Turning to the memoirs of diaries and correspondence of contemporaries, as well as to archival materials of the Police Department, the author gives an idea of how the issue of gaining relics and the controversy connected with it were perceived in different circles of Russian society. Particular attention in the article is drawn to the fierce, irreconcilable nature of the discussion, to the polarity of the positions taken by its participants. In conclusion, the author concludes that the discussion of the acquisition of relics set the tone for all further controversy that unfolded in the press during the canonization and Sarov celebrations and exacerbated the tense socio-political situation in pre-revolutionary Russia.

Keywords: Seraphim of Sarov, canonization, gaining relics, Sarov celebrations, conservative, liberal and radical press, polemic, Police Department, Metropolitan Anthony, P. B. Struve.

Abstract. This article is devoted to the study of auspicious symbols in northern Buddhism. A golden wheel, a lotus flower, a treasure vase, a parasol, a banner of victory, a white conch shell, an endless knot and a pair of golden fishes are the most common Buddhist symbols in Tibet, Mongolia and Buryatia at present. An analysis of each of these symbols led to the conclusion that there were the signs of a wheel and a lotus in early Buddhism. All other symbols were included in Buddhist ritual practice during the formation of Vajrayana Buddhism. The source of their origin is the cult symbolism of Hinduism, and the initial meaning was the idea of happiness in the universal sense. And then these symbols received a new philosophical interpretation as emblems of Buddhist doctrine in Vajrayana Buddhism.

Keywords: Buddhist symbols, the eight auspicious symbols, symbols of happiness, auspicious signs, Buddhist emblems, Buddhist ritual practice.

Abstract. The article analyzes the process of the formation of a new economic culture during the transition to market relations. The main stages of this process are determined, their detailed characteristics are presented. The period of perestroika and the course of “shock therapy”, implemented in the 1990s, are considered as successive stages of transformation of economic culture. The formation of new characteristics of economic culture is considered in the context of ongoing public policy. The influence of the conditions of socio-economic reality on the formation of new values and models of economic behavior is described. The article concludes with a conclusion about the uniqueness and characteristics of the transformation of economic culture in Russia during the transition to a market economy.

Key words: economic culture, “shock therapy”, restructuring, market economy.

Abstract. The article discusses the role of metaemotions in the regulation of cognitive, goal-oriented, motivational processes, functional states and behavior. In accordance with the author’s concept, 4 metaemotions are distinguished: the metaemotion of novelty – interest, the metaemotion of acquiring delight, the metaemotion of loss – despair, the metaemotion of offensive – heroism. Metaemotions are considered as integral experiences, including both emotions caused by instincts and conscious activity; they perform existential tasks – the harmonization of human being in the space of the body and spirit. Metaemotional experiences make it possible to activate the reserve capabilities of a person: interest enhances perception, enthusiasm, heroism – decision-making processes and effective processes of functional systems, despair – processes of forgetting, and indirectly – processes of thinking.

Key words: emotional sphere, emotions, metaemotions, mental processes, functional conditions.

Abstract. The twenty-year experience of the author of this article convinces us of the following, intuitive fact: a correctly selected picture on the wall is an antidepressant and a long-acting tranquillizer. Not as powerful and fast as, for example, monoamine oxidase inhibitors or benzodiazepines. But without any side effects. It has been tested a thousand times in practice, and now we have begun to study this fact instrumentally.

By the way, the biochemistry of the pleasure, apparently, is similar to the actions of drugs: after all, everything is ultimately determined by the interaction of neurotransmitters in the synapses of our neurons. And visual pleasure is a good way to correct it. What remains is “the smallest” – to understand how and what it, visual pleasure, affects: dopamine, serotonin, anandamide and / or some other neurotransmitters and neuroregulators.

The second view, it would seem, has nothing to do with the first – from the perspective of a businessman and investor (including a micro-investor, that is, an ordinary person).

Indeed, in addition to beauty, buying a picture, I would like to correctly invest money, even small ones. A sort of passive (unlike a professional gallery owner or banker), but with great joy for the eyes and mind, investing. And here, this text may also be useful. With passive investment, you just need to buy the work of artists, who are “led” by the art producer by an intelligent producer, that is, an active investor. Then investments quickly multiply in price. And the text below just allows you to quickly and easily understand whether a given artist has a producer, and how intelligent he is.

For complete correctness, we note that whether it will be possible to fix the profit on the acquired, even greatly increased in price, paintings is a difficult question. Below we will say a lot about the potentially high marginality of contemporary art and at the same time its low liquidity. But enjoy it for sure.

Keywords: art, marketing, psychology, emotional impact, art market, product.

Abstract. The article analyzes the state and behavior of a person during the period of rapid development of information technology. The issues arising in society during the period of the “information revolution” are considered. The discrepancy between the levels of development of information technologies and the culture of society is revealed, problems that arose in society, primarily psychophysiological, legal, social problems, are identified, and options for solving them are proposed.

Keywords: information, Internet, society, information culture, computer literacy, information revolution, communicative, digital divide, information technology.

Abstract. The article analyzes the influence of the individual teaching style of the teacher of musical performing disciplines on the results of educational activities; revealed a correlation dependence of mentality and personal development of students from the surrounding socio-cultural space, objective historical reality; lists the main pedagogical principles of current musical education; the natural, fundamental differentiation in the methodological approach and the style features of teaching musical performance at the initial level of additional education in children’s music schools and children’s art schools is indicated depending on the creative and cognitive abilities of the child, as well as the orientation of the educational program – pre-professional or general developmental.

Key words: music teaching, personality-oriented learning, pedagogical style, pre-professional and general developmental programs.

Abstract. The article explores the possibilities of learning the skills of research, invention and innovation in the system of university education. Representing the activities of the creative team through the prism of the role-based approach allows us to identify the basic competencies necessary for innovative activity and apply pedagogical technologies for their formation. The organizational form of such training can be faculties of additional education and professional retraining.

Keywords. Innovation, role-based approach, knowledge economy, interdisciplinary research, transdisciplinary approach, additional education, professional retraining.

Abstract. Of particular importance is the problem of the development of metacompetency in relation to the professional education of future teachers who should be prepared to implement a meta-subject approach in general education. At the same time, the problem of the development of metacompetence in the process of natural science training of future bachelors of pedagogy in the humanities has not been fully studied: the essential characteristics of metacompetency have not been identified, the criteria and indicators of its development have not been determined by students of pedagogical universities, the possibilities of natural science training have not been studied, and the methods and pedagogical conditions for its improvement. The term “metacompetence” refers to the basic concepts of the meta-subject approach, recognized by the Federal educational standards as the main methodological principle for building the educational process within the framework of basic general education. The organization and implementation of a comprehensive study of the problem of the development of metacompetence in the process of natural science training of future bachelors of pedagogy involves, among other things, the development of criteria and indicators with which it is possible to objectively evaluate the effectiveness of the work done. Their development was carried out in two main stages: at the first stage, an expert assessment form was developed, at the second stage – the development of a model of metacompetency development in the process of natural science preparation of future bachelors of pedagogy – the indicators we identified were specified in accordance with the specific content of the academic disciplines. Assessment of the level of development of each component of metacompetency was carried out in two ways: using expert assessment, when, based on the prepared form, the assessment is carried out by university teachers; using additional methods for assessing and measuring the level of development. As a result of theoretical analysis and practical experience, we developed a system for assessing the level of development of future bachelors of metacompetency pedagogy. The criteria here are the components of meta-competence that we have identified: worldview, intellectual, cognitive, operational-procedural, motivational, and reflective-regulatory. These criteria, characteristics and indicators can be used for expert assessment of metacompetency of bachelors.

Keywords. Metacompetence, natural science training, the level of development of metacompetence, professional education.

Abstract. Passive-aggressive behavior (or passive aggression) – a manner of behavior in which manifestations of anger are suppressed, “no” is expressed in a passive way. Patients often fail to achieve their goals in the professional sphere and in their personal lives. Psychotherapy to a large extent allows the patient to return to society relatively painlessly and live a full life.

Key words: aggression, aggressiveness, psychotherapy, psychological state, hypnotherapy, NLP.

Abstract. The article discusses the main aspects of teaching foreign languages in non-linguistic educational organizations of higher education at the stage of rapid scientific and technological development of society and the modernization of the education system. A foreign language, which is one of the key elements necessary for the implementation of the competency-based approach in the higher education system, defines a number of features in the educational process when it is studied. In particular, they include the specifics of the content of the language, the peculiarity of the methodological organization of its development, intersubject communications of the language with professional disciplines, etc. Special emphasis is placed on the professional orientation of the discipline and the demand for a foreign language in the activities of a future specialist.

Key words: higher education, competencies, foreign language, professional activity.

Abstract. The article discusses the information support of organizational management of a military educational organization based on the principles of intersectoral integration of knowledge and achievements of various scientific branches and scientific approaches to the cognition process, which makes it possible to study it from the standpoint of the integrity and interconnection of all components and elements.

Key words: information, information support, management mechanism, educational organization.

Abstract. The article discusses the features of self-regulation of the activities of high school students. In adolescence, there is a search and construction of life plans, the success of the implementation of which largely depends on the level of development of self-regulation of students. Self-regulation is a systemic multi-level process of mental activity in setting goals and managing their achievement. Self-regulation is analyzed on the basis of the model proposed by V.I. Morosanova, in which the operational component and regulatory and personality traits are highlighted, as well as self-regulation styles that determine the regulatory capabilities of a person. An empirical study is presented, the purpose of which is to analyze the level of formation of self-regulation among older students and compare it with the results of first-year students. The scientific novelty of the study is to select the sample in such a way as to make it possible to assess the level of formation of self-regulation in high school students studying in various educational conditions: in urban, rural, comprehensive, cadet schools. The results of an empirical study allow us to develop programs for the development of self-regulation of high school students taking into account age and gender aspects.

Keywords: adolescence, levels of self-regulation, the operational component of self-regulation, regulatory and personality traits, styles of self-regulation.

Abstract. This article describes the author’s deck of metaphorical associative cards “Your real values map” (MYReVa, T.V. Kapustina, V.V. Korenchuk, R.V. Kadyrov). The paper has a theoretical justification for the created deck, which is based on the concepts of M. Rokich and I.G. Senina on terminal and instrumental values in different spheres of human life. The cards represent 6 life spheres – professional life, social life, family life, hobbies, training and education, physical activity. MYReVa consists of three types of cards – images (non-verbal stimuli), words (verbal stimuli) and signs. Such a combination of verbal incentives with non-verbal ones helps to increase the variability of approaches to a specific person in advisory activities, give a triple impact and build a strong bridge between the conscious and unconscious clients. The possibilities of using these cards in various areas of psychological counseling are also described – career counseling, professional counseling, personal therapy. In general, the work of the Center is presented as a specialized diagnostic, advisory and correctional tool, which will be useful as in the practical work of psychologists and teachers. The authors of the article also point out the limitations when using this deck in the practical work of a psychologist.

Key words: metaphorical associative maps; value orientations; personality values; psychological counseling; psychodiagnostics of values.

Abstract. For continuous musical education, the solution of educational tasks occupies one of the main places. The effectiveness of their solution largely depends on the integrity of the process, achieved through the continuity of its structural units of deployment by maintaining them in the key methodological tools of training. Their description is given on the example of the formation of patriotism, increasing the level of which in modern Russian society is an urgent problem. Based on the experience of implementation, monitoring and discussing the implementation of Patriotic education in the context of lifelong musical education, the authors point out that improving quality will contribute to: emotional training-musical communications; meaningful perception of the imagery and concepts of dramatic works; study of musical and verbal educational information regarding world and national cultural values; introduction of national and regional musical material in the content of educational process, which allows to diversify forms of training, methods and types of educational and musical activities; the extension of the zones of influence of the musical-educational process and the fulfillment of the educational and Patriotic features through the spreading of its scope of implementation of various types of musical actions of learners; strengthen existing and establish new variants of the interdisciplinary connections. Methodical setup can be adapted to other areas of education. The embodiment of the proposed depends on the level of professionalism and activity of teachers of continuous musical education, which should ensure their training at the University.

Keywords: continuous musical education, education, patriotic education, patriotic upbringing efficiency in the continuous music education.

Abstract. The goal is to highlight the essence of the legislative thesis “conditions for the worthy upbringing of children in a foster family” and justify not only the conceptual apparatus, but also its practical implementation in a substitute family. The problem of adaptation of foster children in foster families is a deep one that has been studied for a long time from different points of view, therefore, the tasks of the author’s research were to identify the factors affecting progress or regression in solving multiple issues formed by both time and public attitude to this problem. It is also obvious that society is characterized by myth-making in understanding the motivation for adopting children. In practice, there are interchangeable or substitutable concepts that are ambiguously interpreted by foster parents, the public, legislatively and in the future this negatively affects the formation of a new family community. The topic of the article was the basis of an empirical study in which the scientific interest concerned the interpretation of the “conditions for decent upbringing” of children in a substitute family and it was necessary to indicate which criteria might reflect the worthiness or unworthiness of raising children in a substitute family, is this a criterion for deciding whether to accept a child in a family and provide him formulated in the Regional law of the Rostov region “On social support of childhood in the Rostov region” of the studied concept. An empirical study consisted in a survey of respondents with different socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics, a generalization of the results, and an assessment of the appropriateness of the legislative statement used.

Key words: foster family, foster children, family conglomerate, education priorities, “worthy upbringing” of children.

Abstract. The article provides a general scientific analysis of the flight profession based on the methodological principles of aviation psychology, labor psychology, engineering psychology and ergonomics. The professional activity in the military, civil, experimental aviation is characterized by the characteristics of the professions of the innovation sphere. It is concluded that the flight profession belongs to the professions of the innovation sphere. Recommendations on increasing the interagency mobility of professionals are proposed.

Keywords. Profession, professional activity, aviation psychology, labor psychology, engineering psychology, ergonomics.

Abstract. Acute impaired cerebral circulation is one of the most important medical and social problems, since it has a serious impact on both the physical and psychological state of the patient.

The aim of the study was to study the personal characteristics of patients with acute cerebral circulatory disorders, depending on gender.

244 patients were examined in the biofeedback laboratory. Among them were 139 men (24.0%), women – 105 people (76.0%). The average age of patients was 62.2 ± 2.2 years. To determine the psychological characteristics, a standardized multifactorial method of personality research was used.

As a result, it was found that women with acute cerebral circulatory disorders are less honest when filling out the survey. Compared to men, they are characterized by greater hypochondriacity, greater tendency to depression, anxiety. All this is accompanied by a more pronounced demonstrative. Men were characterized by hyperthyme. Thus, the presence of an acute violation of cerebral circulation in the history affects the personality characteristics of patients, which must be taken into account during psychocorrection.

Key words: personal questionnaire, mini SMIL, acute cerebrovascular accident, impaired brain functions, gender characteristics.

Abstract. The article presents the stage of research of development of strong-willed qualities of cadets in the educational process of the educational organization of the Ministry of internal Affairs of Russia. The interrelation of development of strong-willed qualities and goal setting at cadets is analyzed.

Key words: will, volitional qualities, goal-setting, mental state, identification technique, cadets.