№5 (113) — 2018

Abstract. The article is devoted to the issue of participation of the Armenian diaspora in the development of the Republic of Armenia since the 1990s. In the author’s opinion, interaction in the economic sphere occupies a special place in the relations between the mother state and the diaspora. In such states, economic capital is perceived as a resource for its own development. In addition to economic interests related to foreign investment, national feelings also play an important role for members of the diaspora, the natural desire of people to contribute to strengthening and intensification the foreign policy positions of their homeland. In this research, the author considers the contribution of the diaspora to the development of the educational sphere of the Republic of Armenia as an example of the long-term and gratuitous investments of the diaspora in the economy of the mother country. At present, for the post-Soviet countries, the improvement of education quality and the system of its evaluation have acquired the status of priority directions of the national policy in the sphere of education. This is due to the need to train highly qualified personnel that meet the needs of the international labor market and society, which is based on knowledge in the broadest sense of the word. The author pays special attention to the investments of the Armenian diaspora in Russia, the USA, Western Europe and Eastern countries, such as Lebanon, Syria and Egypt in the education of the mother country and the reasons for this phenomenon. The author emphasizes two main directions, which are used to invest in education in the Republic of Armenia from the diaspora. The research described some of the most significant educational projects of the Armenian diaspora, which are carried out in the territory of the Republic of Armenia. The article introduces for the first time the scientific data on the amount of funds allocated from the Armenian diaspora to education in Armenia in 2003, as well as examples of specific educational projects implemented in the Republic of Armenia at the expense of the Armenian diaspora of the Eastern countries and their impact on the overall state of the educational sphere of the republic.

Keywords: International relations, the post-Soviet space, the Armenian diaspora, education in Armenia, investments, national education, the Armenian diaspora of Lebanon, Tumo, Ayb.

Abstract. Activity aimed at overcoming the consequences of the Chernobyl NPP disaster have become one of the most important components of bilateral cooperation between Russia and Belarus after the disintegration of the USSR and one of the important tasks of the Union State. The article describes the main stages of the activities of the Union State of Belarus and Russia to eliminate the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster. The goals and results of the relevant state programs of the Union State are analyzed.

Keywords: The Union State of Belarus and Russia, contemporary history, history of Russia, history of Belarus, the Chernobyl NPP disaster, liquidators, humanitarian cooperation.

Abstract. The article casts light upon the evolution of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations student and alumnus image in Russian films and TV series of the Soviet period and modern times. The scientific novelty infers outlining archetypical features of the respective fictional characters, which tend to have real-life prototypes, as representatives of a corporate subculture alongside analyzing their reception by the society, i.e. target audience with no specific knowledge about the environment in question. Special attention is paid to the lack of objectivity in depicting the above characters and their rather low representability.

Keywords: MGIMO, cinema, diplomatic agents, Ministry of foreign affairs, training.

Abstract. The article is devoted to the contacts of a Russian historian, professor at the Moscow University, collector of materials on the history of Russia and other Slavic countries, collector, journalist, publicist, novelist and publisher M.P. Pogodin with the Czech national revivalist, the author of literary hoaxes and the pioneer of fruitful Russian and Czech cultural and scientific ties Vaclav Hanka (1791 – 1861). The first half of the 19th century was for the Slavic peoples of Europe a period of national revival, with its characteristic interest in its own national past, the spread of all-Slavic ideas and uncritical Russophilia. Under the influence of pan-European romantic ideas in Russia, there was also an interest in its own Slavic identity, and then in the foreign Slavs. Already in the 30s “Slavic” issue acquired greater importance in the cultural and political life of Russia, the formation of a national concept of Slavic reciprocity was under way. In the conditions of such a counter-movement, Russian and Czech cultural and scientific ties were tied up and developed. M.P. Pogodin became one of the first Russian scientists who purposely went to Europe to get acquainted with the Slavic history, culture and realities of the life of the fellow countrymen. He established contacts with many figures of the Czech national revival, including the phenomenon of the Czech and Slavic cultural revival V. Hanka. The contacts of these two prominent public and cultural figures of the first half and the middle of the 19th century made it possible to trace the role and significance of Russian and Czech ties in the development of both the national revival of the Czechs and the Slavic idea in Russia.

Keywords: M.P. Pogodin, Vaclav Hanka, Russian and Czech relations, Slavophils, all-Slavic ideas, the idea of Slavic reciprocity.

Abstract. The problem of the effectiveness of pedagogical design and the implementation of a system regional model for the organization of subject fees for schoolchildren is investigated. The method of “learning by action” is actualized as a system-forming mechanism of pedagogical designing of an innovative regional model of organization of subject collections of schoolchildren.

Keywords:  pedagogical design, conservation of professional pedagogical experience, pedagogical innovations, dissemination of the pedagogical experience, conceptual approaches, the innovative potential, region system model of teachers and students interactions, system-forming “mechanism”, method “Action Learning”, subjects fees students, productivity and humanity the innovation, professional labour culture.

Abstract. In the context of up-to-date modernization of the potential of national culture, science, technology, economics, the problem of forming a competitive specialist in an engineering and technical university is urgent and requires an urgent solution. A specialist in a technical university capable of “rivalry” in the world of high technologies is formed by a humanitarian environment as the basis for creativity of personal and professional culture. The humanitarian environment is a space that reflects educational, personal, mental and global processes (building a society and a knowledge economy). The purpose of the existence of the humanitarian environment is the realization of the possibility of a complete formation of the personality of the student on the background of the devaluation of the technocratic model of a specialist in science-intensive industries. The content of the humanitarian environment of a technical university is determined today by the processes of humanization and humanitarization, which establish the priority of the interests of a competitive personality; forming a complex of personal qualities of a successful in life and profession of a specialist. Prevent the formation of a humanitarian environment that is relevant for a rivaling person: the student’s inability to manage his own learning activity, the mechanistic nature of receiving and reproducing knowledge, the lack of responsibility for himself and for what he is doing; pedagogical and psychological incompetence of the teacher. The humanitarian environment can be filled with new personality-developing content, only by implementing the transition of university programs from disciplinary and organizational models to design-creative models of education. Establishing a hierarchy of humanitarian disciplines within the standards of higher education will allow reorienting the engineering consciousness to the criteria of humanistic thinking and activity that are adequate to modern conditions. Attention (pedagogical and psychological) of all structures of the university to the development of the personality of the student will allow to build the learning process on the basis of his skills and motivations. The role of the university teacher as the curator of the work of students, within the framework of an actively developing humanitarian environment, will be replaced by a more fruitful approach: creative mentoring. The pedagogical and psychological renewal of the humanitarian environment is the semantic-forming principle of modernization of the domestic engineering and technical education.

Keywords: humanitarian environment, humanization and humanitarization of education, modernization of education, personal-oriented educational environment, society and knowledge economy, competitor, professionalism of the teacher, personal and professional culture.

Abstract. The article presents a culturological analysis of information culture, which constitutes the base of general culture of individuals. The information culture is being researched in terms of culturology through the prism of five key approaches to definition of culture: realism, idealism, materialism, functionalism and structuralism. The realistic approach shows the close link between the information culture and social activity of individuals as an organized and structured social process, which influences upon the specificity and nature of the information culture. The realistic vision of the information culture as an immanent – social phenomenon is opposed to idealistic convictions about the transcendent character of the information culture as a special self- developing phenomenon that exists outside societies as well. The author focuses on a variable nature of the information culture which is influenced by the environment, external factors and cultures. He also pays his attention to the materialistic approach to the culture which is quite similar to the idealistic approach underlining the significance of objective and subjective elements of the information culture that constitute its profile and meaning. The article points out the specificity of the information culture of individuals through the prism of the functionalism as well. The information culture is being researched in terms of its functional significance for members of society as the set of knowledge which form and fix general patterns of social behavior for individuals. The information culture is considered within the structuralism as well. The author analyses the information culture as a social symbolic system pointing out the primordial role of language in the process of information perception, transfer and preservation in society.

Keywords: information culture, symbolic system, realistic, idealistic, materialistic, functional and structural approach.

Abstract. The article deals with the problem of socialization of orphan children in the process of relationships between the individual and a society based on the implementation of existing individual features in social learning, self-knowledge and self-realization, that provides in turn social knowledge, social skills and social experience of the individual. The authors explains the importance of transition from education of children in residential care to a family-based living arrangement. Emphasis is placed on the difficulties faced by the adopted child studying in a General education organization that is the fear of failure and the inability to be in contact with adults, fears not to be accepted in a new team. Education and training of schoolchildren in substitute families are often accompanied by stress, where the reason for it is a matter of changing the lifestyle of a child and parents, changing the atmosphere of family relations as well as excessive stress on a child in modern school. Substitute parents do not have enough practical skills to help apply in difficult situations and take quick, thoughtful measures to correct the situation. To study this problem a program aimed at providing psychological and pedagogical work of the school with substitute, foster and guardian families on the socialization of orphans was presented. The main task of psychological and pedagogical work with a foster child is its successful integration into the teaching staff, which will contribute to its better entry into society.

Keywords: socialization, psychological and pedagogical interaction, orphan children, foster family, guardian family, substitute family, educational organization.

Abstract. In many countries, the education system is considered to be one of the most important factors in the development of modern society. The state of the educational system depends on production, economy, health service and other spheres of public and social life, in which the most important indicator is the quality of the human resource. In this regard, it becomes important to define the role of the state and private structures in the development of the educational system, the ability to achieve the necessary balance in meeting both state and public interests in education. The relevance of the topic of public-private partnership in the education system is that modern trends in the development of society speak of the need to consolidate the state and business to achieve common goals. Studies show that the interaction of the private sector and the state is a very significant stimulus for the development of the socioeconomic sphere, including the institution of education. At the same time, an increase in the role of the private sector in education entails a reduction in the financial burden on the state budget in solving the problems facing society.

Keywords: Education system, education environment, public-private partnership, cooperation between the state and private business, the institution of interaction between the state and the private sector, partnership relations, consolidation of the state and the business.

Abstract. The relevance of the research of subjective well-being as a socio-psychological capital of an individual in the process of acculturation on the example of foreign students of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia is conditioned, first, by the requirement of scientific generalization of the university’s long experience in training Russian and foreign students in conditions of ethnic heterogeneity; secondly, the intensification of migration processes and the increase in the number of students from other countries; third, the need to develop a program of psychological support for foreign students in an internationally oriented university aimed at raising the level of subjective well-being and improving the psychological health of the individual in the conditions of Russian reality. In this article, the following theoretical approaches to the study of the problem of acculturation are considered: U, W and Kim-curve of the process of acculturation. The success of acculturation and the subjective well-being of the individual depend on the consideration of both individual and psychological characteristics, socio-cultural, and ethnopsychological factors. The approaches available in science answer the questions related to understanding the characteristics of the subjective well-being of the individual and the process of acculturation. In this article, the subjective well-being of the individual is considered as a component of a person’s socio-psychological capital. In our opinion, this approach is the most productive, since it describes in interrelation various aspects of the subjective well-being of the individual, taking into account the influence of the acculturation factor. The structure of the socio-psychological capital of the individual acts as a two-component system, both parts of which are interrelated. At the same time, the high parameters of the components of the system contained in both parts and its balance have a positive effect on the subjective well-being of the individual. The fundamental factor is trust; it is it that can be a condition for successful acculturation of the personality, as it is its psychological resource.

Keywords: subjective well-being, social and psychological capital of the person, acculturation, foreign students, culture shock, ethnic heterogeneity.

Abstract. The article is devoted to a study of specifics of speech development in schoolchildren with a combination of factors of a hearing impairment and manual asymmetry. In total 215 senior schoolchildren participated in the study, all of them are the students of the college of small business № 4 in Moscow, and these students have various hearing impairment, including 98 deaf persons (since the birth) and 117 hard-of-hearing persons (with the III-IV degree of deafness). The age of the students is 17-20 years. The study shows that the left-handed students have less mistakes in achieving coherence in word pronunciation with increase in their hearing function. At the same time the group of the right-handed hard – of – hearing students have the greatest number of mistakes in achieving coherence in word pronunciation. Statistically significant distinctions are found in the groups between the normal hearing students and impaired hearing students when comparing data on the abstract terms and the quantity of the made mistakes. It is shown that skipping letters occur less frequently in students with normal hearing but they use much more often abstract thinking for making an abstract term than deaf and hard-of-hearing students. There is the correlation between the level of speech development and the speech form used by the students: verbal speech and signed language. It is revealed that the use of the verbal speech leads to the best development of abstract thinking and reduce the quantity of mistakes in achieving coherence in word pronunciation.

Keywords: left-handed, right-handed, hard-of-hearing, deaf, hearing impairment, normal hearing, verbal speech, signed language.

Abstract. The article represents methods and technologies for the formation of the axiological foundations for professional training of military interpreters on the example of the Military University of the Ministry of Defense on the basis of axiological, competence, personal and activity, humanistic approaches. The article also describes the program, methodology, goals and tasks of the experimental work. It is substantiated that the experimental study, including the control of the dynamics of the process and the regularities in the formation of the axiological foundations of the professional training of military interpreters in the determining, forming and final stage, the selection of appropriate diagnostics, methods and technologies testifies to the positive dynamics of the development of the value basis for the professional training of future military officers.

Keywords: axiological bases, military translators, education, professional training, morality, spirituality, values.

Abstract. In the article, the authors disclose the essence, psychological features of the Internet addiction of the developing personality. They described the place of computer game addiction in a number of other varieties of deviant behavior; five types of manifestation of computer game addiction were singled out and characterized. Particular attention is given to the substantiation of priority areas and to psychotechnologies of effective social and psychological prevention of the Internet addiction of the developing personality of minors as a system of measures to strengthen their security in modern Russian society. New empirical data introduced into scientific circulation systematically characterize the revealed direction and dynamics of growth in the number of addicted teenagers. They also show that a certain part of teenagers and young people in our country is already computer and internet addicted. This situation with Internet addiction in the conditions of aggravation of information struggle causes an acute need for taking measures to improve the security of the developing personalities of teenagers. This put forward new psychological problems associated with raising the psychological security of the developing personality.

Keywords: deviance; deviant personality of a teenager; prevention of gaming Internet addiction; factors of safe behavior of an emerging personality.

Abstract. The realities of modern requirements in the professional sphere create prerequisites for changing the requirements in the field of mastering the basic and key competencies of specialists engaged in correctional education, which is confirmed by the adoption of a new federal state educational standard for higher education – Bachelor’s programme in the field of training 44.03.03 Special (defectological) education. The “Professional Defectologist Standard” under development will bring its requirements to the basic professional competencies. Thus, implementing a competence approach in the system of special (defectological) education, it is necessary to take into account and build on the personal competence and level of development of the basic competencies of the personality formed in it at the time of admission to higher education institution, their formation. Based on these initial data, the prerequisites for the formation of the personal and professional competence of students – future defectologists at certain educational stages are considered. Marker points were identified, allowing to determine the dynamics of its formation in the continuous formation of the image of the individual, adequately changing the realities of the labor market. Stratification of evaluative judgments of the surveyed groups allowed to rank the most important qualities and structures of the personal and professional competence of the defectologist. The main of the selected components are described, pointwise affecting on which in the process of education, it is possible to increase the dynamics of the formation of personal and professional competence.

Keywords: defectologist, personal and professional competence, dynamics of formation, quality of the defectologist, professional success.