№3 (123) — 2019

Abstract. The article is devoted to the role of Pyalsky usolie in the acquisition of large sea vessels (lodias) for the needs of the Solovetsky monastery. Founded in the XV century on the islands in the White Sea, the monastery needed sea vessels. During the XVI–XVII c. monastic fleet grew, reaching its heyday by the 30th of the XVII c. At the end of the XVI– first half of the XVII c. the monastery acquired sea vessels annually, it bought them, ordered their building, received them as contribution. However, the question of the acquisition of marine vessels by the Solovetsky monastery has not yet been specifically addressed in scientific research. The monastery acquired most of the lodias from the residents of the parishes along the river Onega. Based on the archival sources, the article exposes the leading role of the Pialsky service in acquiring lodias “for the monastic use” on the river Onega in the XVII century. It also reveals the names of the residents of the region, who dealt with the Piyal clerks in the orders for the making of boats or in purchasing ready-made ships. The article describes the process of buying ships as well. It shows that the acquired lodges both increased the Solovetsky fleet and were distributed among the continental salt mines which belonged to the monastery, replacing the old or unusable ships.

Key words: the Solovetsky monastery, usolie, traditional wooden shipbuilding, lodia.

Abstract. This article identifies and analyzes the main factors that led to the creation in the USSR of strategic nuclear missiles. Based on the analysis of a significant number of historical and historiographical sources, it is concluded that these include military-political, military-technical and geopolitical factors. It is also claimed that the creation and development of nuclear missile weapons in the USSR as soon as possible was the result of deterring the aggressive militaristic aspirations of the USA.

Keywords. Nuclear missile weapons, military doctrine, historical source, parity, ballistic missiles.

Abstract. The article analyzes the structural crisis in Uruguay (the second half of the 1950s – 1973), which led to the fall of the democratic bipartisan system and the establishment of a military dictatorial regime. The author reveals the main historiographic approaches to the question of the causes of the crisis and gives its periodization. The key negative trends in the Uruguayan economy, which against the background of deteriorating international situation led to economic stagnation and increased social and political tensions, are considered in detail. Revolutionary armed groups that have had a significant impact on government policies have intensified. The most influential among them was the Tupamaros national liberation movement. Involving the army in the fight against social protest was a turning point in the development of the country and its transition to military dictatorship.

Key words: Uruguay, neobatllismo, import substitution industrialization, economic crisis, political crisis, dictatorship, Tupamaros, J. Pacheco Areco, J.M. Bordaberry.

Abstract. The history of the development of special education is individual for each state. Despite the ongoing processes of globalization, involving a single educational space, in any country it has a significant impact on the approaches to teaching children with hearing impairments. Therefore, the successful construction of a national educational model cannot do without studying and understanding historical features. In this article, the authors explore the background, the main stages of the formation and the current state of the system of teaching hearing impaired and hearing impaired children in the Republic of Kazakhstan. A comparative analysis of the development of Surdopedagogical thought, starting from ancient times, is carried out. Variants of pedagogical influence on children experiencing problems with the perception of sound information are scientifically substantiated in antiquity, the Middle Ages and the new time based on the general characteristics of teaching methods in various historical periods, documentary and archival data. Using the retrospective method and the periodization method, the influence of political, social and economic factors on access to education of children with hearing impairment is considered. The historical features of the development of the Kazakh culture that influenced the special education system of Kazakhstan are revealed. The role of the Russian Empire and the USSR in the formation of the modern Kazakhstan network of schools for deaf and hearing-impaired children is considered.

Keywords: history of pedagogy, hearing impairment, Kazakhstan, comparative pedagogy, deaf-and-dumb pedagogy, special education.

Abstract. The article presents a comprehensive analysis of scientific views on the problem of family care replacement, the result of which is the unanimous belief of social scientists that the replacement of family care, in its basis, should become a professional. It is emphasized that the development of professional standards of professional activity of specialists on the issues of substitutive family care, which meets the principles of scientific professionography, in order to complete and specific representation of the target settings, volume, content and technology of their professional activities, assessment of the degree of compliance of the specialist of this activity is due, at present, to the acute practical need. The innovative technology of optimization of the substituting family care consisting in preparation of experts of this direction on the program specially developed by the author directed on formation and development of knowledge, abilities, skills and professionally important qualities necessary for performance of activity on the substituting family care is offered. The article presents the results of a formative experiment conducted on a sample of foster (substitute) parents of mixed professional groups consisting of foster (substitute) parents, representatives of “helping” professions and foster (substitute) parents, from among the various professional groups), which have passed the stage of adaptation of the family and child. The question of introduction of this technology in the system of higher professional education is considered. Emphasizes the scientific novelty of this approach to the problem of optimization of substitute family care, as from the position professionalizes approach is considered for the first time.

Key words: training program for substitute family care; professional competence; professionally important qualities of adoptive (substitute) parents, necessary for the implementation of activities for the replacement of family care.

Abstract. The materials of this article demonstrate the results of solving the scientific and practical problem of studying the value-semantic determinants of the organization of the psychological time of an individual and the development of ways to optimize time management technologies. In the course of the theoretical review of the problem posed, the authors substantiate the interrelation of the value-semantic sphere and the psychological time of the personality. The empirical part of the study was performed using the “Self-organizing activity questionnaire” methods in the adaptation of E.Yu. Mandrikova, “The Semantic Differential of Time” (Wasserman L.I., Trifonova E.A., Chervinskaya K.R.), “Anchors of a Career” (E. Shane), “The Value Questionnaire” by Sh. Schwartz. The results obtained by the authors prove that the peculiarities of the content of professional value orientations, personal values, achievements and stimulation can act as individual conditions that guide the ways to optimize time management technologies. In particular, professional values were defined as determinants of the organization of psychological time: “management”, “professional competence”, “stability of the place of residence”, “integration”, and also personal values: “achievement”, “stimulation”, “safety”. The article proposes practical solutions for the addition and concretization of time management methods, depending on the values that dominate the personal hierarchy. The results of the study can help determine the possibilities of optimizing the practical psychological impact on various factors organizing the psychological time of an individual and are useful for professionals involved in issues of time management, individual coaching, and management consulting.

Keywords: personality, psychological time, time management, values, value orientations.

Abstract. The article deals with the problematic issues of the professional and prognostic readiness of future managers in the state system in educational institutions of higher education; revealed the main contradictions and laws of prognostic readiness; the concepts of the professional and prognostic readiness of the future manager and the flow of the process of professional management activities are disclosed. Some suggestions are being made to improve the formation of the professional and prognostic readiness of future leaders.

Keywords: educational organizations, problems and contradictions, laws and concepts, future leaders, professional and prognostic readiness, algorithm, educational process, management activities, recommendations.

Abstract. The penetration of computer technologies into all areas of society’s activities every year is becoming more intense and it is impossible to avoid, including their negative influence, unless common efforts are directed at the education of the younger generation in using computer technologies in such a way as not to harm the formation of socialization, education, culture and other activities of adolescent children. Deviant children constitute one of the significant parts of the whole whole teenage environment and their characteristics directly depend on the cultural, economic, technical and technological development of our society. Excluding from the author’s study all aspects of the formation of deviant behavior in adolescents, the goal is to study the use of computer technology in educational activities when working with deviant adolescent children, which has a significant impact on leveling the negative aspects of deviant children and the development of a healthy understanding of their personality. in modern society. The objectives include the study of the penetration of computer technology in educational activities when working with deviant children and the effectiveness of this process on the approach to 2020. The scientific novelty of copyright research is to summarize the results achieved and highlight the features of the use of computer technology in educational activities when working with deviant adolescent children at the local level.

Keywords. Computer technologies, educational activities, deviant adolescent children, deviant behavior, local aspect, adaptation of the educational process.

Abstract. The total technicalization of modern society has led to the destruction of traditional value systems and the loss of spirituality. Violation of the principle of social justice in our country shifted in public opinion the idea of professions of a creative nature (scientist, engineer, researcher, and teacher) to the lowest mark of prestige. The technocratic model of a specialist has exhausted itself. There was a need to strengthen the substantive parameters of the engineering activity by the humanitarian component: understanding that every professional task has not only a rational solution, but also a value-semantic aspect. Filling an engineer of the realities of professional life with the need to solve not only technical, but also universal problems will allow him to overcome the pragmatism of thought, move on to an inquiring and responsible construction of a modern picture of the world. The society sees the guarantee of self-preservation today in the upbringing in the engineer of new personal qualities that reveal its humanity in any conditions. Against this background, the training of technical specialists who can combine professional competence with a strong civic position and a high spiritual culture is relevant. In a technical high college, the question of the unity of educational and spiritual practices of students can be solved within the framework of philosophy. Spirituality as a traditional subject of philosophical analysis is a necessary condition for the self-identification of the personality and its harmonious development. Philosophical spirituality is a person’s ability to distract from solving utilitarian problems and focus on the consideration of “life-meaning” questions. The energy of the philosophical knowledge contributes to the actualization of the dialogue between the individual and society in its vital and professional development. A person’s external belonging to being turns into an internal value resource, allowing him to eliminate that which threatens the social progress and survival of all humanity. Today, the role and place of philosophy in the modernization of technical education should be emphasized, since knowledge of its scientific essence will allow the future specialist to self-identify in the value choice of lifestyle, welfare and social prosperity criteria.

Keywords: spirituality, spiritual culture, value orientations, philosophy, personality-oriented education, worldview, technical person, technocracy, student youth.

Abstract: The article discusses the scientific approaches to the use of multimedia control programs for rationing in conjunction with other methods of labor organization in enterprises and institutions. The authors present the problems of implementation of methods of management. Particular attention is paid to improving the implementation of the method of rationing with the use of advanced information technologies-multimedia programs.

Keywords: rationing, organizational design, division of labor and cooperation, technologization, regulation, scientific organization of labor (NOTES), labor productivity, multimedia programs, video clips, “best practices”.

Abstract. The dynamics of the socio-economic processes of the post-industrial society imposes additional requirements both on the vocational education system as a whole and on the teacher. The consequence of changing requirements is the intensification of the teacher’s activities, which sometimes leads to professional burnout. The article deals with the issues of harmonization of the professional activity of a teacher as a way to prolong his effective activity.

Keywords. Professional development, professional development, teacher, teacher, teacher’s self-realization, higher education institution, harmony, education, professional burnout, professional crisis, professional motivation.

Abstract. The world in which we live is undergoing unprecedented changes. The fourth industrial revolution – Industry 4.0 (CMCN 4.0) -–created, creates and will create strong fluctuations that affect all aspects of life in the 21st century. Changes in the structure of production and human resources in the future labor market creates many problems for the education sector in general and for public administration of higher education in Vietnam in particular. In the conditions of growing needs of the labor market, the activity of educational institutions should be associated with an enterprise in order to bridge the gap between training, research and implementation. Strengthening the link between educational institutions and enterprises based on the social responsibility of enterprises makes it possible to effectively use the equipment and technologies of enterprises to build the professional potential of trainees in the process of their training and practice in enterprises.

Keywords: industry 4.0, public administration, higher education.

Abstract. The article reveals current studies of the human factor. The author concludes that the development of reliable human-operator interaction with aircraft taking into account the application of new technologies in the aerospace industry, simulator training based on knowledge of the laws of the human factor sciences can be considered promising research.

Key words: human factor, aviation psychology, simulator, CRM, augmented reality

Abstract. In accordance with the GEF, a bachelor student must master professional competencies related to the regional component at the theoretical and practical levels of knowledge. In this regard, there is a need to classify traditional art culture for the development of heuristic potential of culture of small peoples of the North. Art culture consists of four forms: institutional forms, spatial, temporal and spatial-temporal. On the basis of the theory of artistic culture was carried out the classification of traditional artistic culture of the peoples of the North. As a result, the following types were identified: 1) Institutional forms of culture – artistic image, sign, symbol, artistic consciousness, perception and reflection, artistic and aesthetic values, creativity, etc.; 2) Spatial forms-small architecture, decorative and applied art; 3) Temporary forms – folklore as a combination of word art, music and literature; 4) Spatial and temporal forms-ritual dance, festive culture.

Key words: traditional art culture, institutional forms of culture, spatial forms, time forms, space-time forms.

Abstract. The article presents educational methods as an important element of the rehabilitation of offenders in Vietnam, describes the requirements for the organization of the process of rehabilitation of offenders. The authors also presented criteria and measures for testing and evaluating the results of educational work with offenders in Russia and Vietnam.

Key words: reeducation, offender, convicted, social activity, labor, labor education.

Abstract. The phenomenology of personal self-realization is presented in domestic and foreign psychological science in sufficient detail. However, to date, there are a number of questions remained regarding both the internal and external determination of this formation, as well as factors hindering robust self-realization of an actor. One of these factors, in our opinion, is the emotional burnout of specialists of the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The purpose of this study was to identify the specifics of the self-realization of police officers with different indicators of professional burnout. As respondents, 189 people aged 21-45 years old, occupying various positions and ranked from junior sergeant to police colonel, took part in the empirical research. Service experience of employees in the internal affairs bodies ranged from 1 to 24 years. The final sample was formed from two groups for 167 employees. The empirical material was collected using the following diagnostic methods: a multidimensional self-realization questionnaire (MOSL) and a blank self-realization test developed by S.I. Kudinov, diagnosis of emotional burnout by Boiko V.V. Cluster analysis and Wilcoxon comparative analysis were used for quantitative data processing. As a result of cluster analysis, two clusters were identified. The first one included respondents with the initial symptoms of burnout (stress phase); the second one was presented by employees who are in the phase of resistance and exhaustion. In the course of empirical research, it was found that the process of self-realization in subjects who are at different stages of emotional burnout has specific features. It is determined that the respondents at the initial stage of burnout are distinguished by more successful self-realization compared to specialists with severe burnout symptoms. Hierarchical analysis of the components of self-realization showed that the first group is characterized by the dominance of such variables as activity, optimism, self-control, creativity, and productivity. Employees with persistent symptoms of burnout are characterized by a manifestation of passivity, pessimism, conservatism, external self-regulation, and low productivity. Thus, a direct correlation has been established between the success of self-realization and emotional burnout among police officers. The findings of the research allow developing targeted programs for police officers in order to prevent occupational hazards and optimize professional self-realization of actors.

Keywords: personality, police officers, self-realization, emotional burnout, variables, symptoms.