№2 (110) — 2018

Abstract. The article considers the processes of development of new lands by volunteer groups, the main directions of political socio-economic transformation of the territories that were part of Russia. The role of Cossacks in the development and accession of Siberia and the Far East to Russia is determined.

Keywords: Russia, Cossacks, volunteers, pathfinders, Siberia, the far East, pioneers, expedition, land development.

Abstract. The work is devoted to the analysis of respondents’ preferences regarding the choice of the information channel, which tells about science. Comparison of the results of two stages of the research carried out over a period of 10 years showed the stability of indirect image-forming information among young people and the stereotyped nature of the image of the scientist.

Keywords: image of science, image-forming information, mass media, preferences of the information channel.

Abstract. The paper researches specific features of economic neologisms formation and translation. This problem is of great importance at present since recently economy has been exposed to so many new trends and such severe shocks that it has become a source of new words, word combinations and expressions. These lexical units enjoy different ways of formation which should be taken into account in their translation since this activity is associated with serious difficulties. The aim of this research is to show that neologisms translation gives rise to difficulties as these words are not covered by dictionaries including economic ones and also to demonstrate the ways of overcoming these obstacles. Translation of neologisms requires adoption of a certain approach which consists of the analysis of the structure of the neologism, the way of its formation and the context in which it is used. It is essential to use the appropriate translation technique and background professional (in this case economic) knowledge as well as be aware of the economic situation in the country or region in question. The paper contains a list of new words, terms or new meanings of existing words which determines the novelty of the research. The article draws a conclusion about vibrant evolutionary processes taking place in modern English as well as the usage of an integrated approach to teaching English in the translation of neologisms which makes it possible to enhance both linguistic and professional competences of students. 

Keywords: the English language, neologisms, ways of neologisms formation, an integrated approach, translation techniques, the role of context, linguistic competence, professional competence.

Abstract. The work is devoted to the analysis of respondents’ preferences regarding the choice of the information channel, which tells about science. Comparison of the results of two stages of the research carried out over a period of 10 years showed the stability of indirect image-forming information among young people and the stereotyped nature of the image of the scientist. 

Keywords: image of science, image-forming information, mass media, preferences of the information channel.

Annotation. The article is devoted to the study of modern approaches to understanding the essence of the system of administrative interactions in the field of rehabilitation and recovery provision. Despite the fact that the need to implement the control impact has emerged simultaneously with the development of social interactions, the need to distribute production responsibilities, still, there is no single approach to understanding the essence of management in scientific literature. At its core, management is a complex process, in the structure of which it is possible to distinguish the subject of management, the object of management, the system of managerial interactions. In its turn, the system of managerial interactions is a kind of communicative interactions in the implementation of production processes, the feature of which is the asymmetry of the representation of authority among communicants. The main purpose of these interactions is the solution of production problems, optimization of the functioning of the institution. At the same time, taking into account the unresolved complex of problems in the system of rehabilitation and rehabilitation provision, the optimization of the management interaction system faces a negative impact of the set of factors of the external and internal environment. The factors of the external environment include high requirements for equipping the institutions of the rehabilitation system, overstated licensing requirements, obsolete equipment standards, dumping prices for paid services by the state; overestimated cost of equipment and necessary medical materials from suppliers; a high level of distrust in the medical field, a prejudice of the population against paid services. The factors of the internal environment include the problem of underfunding, which entails a set of problems, including the deterioration of the material and technical base of institutions, the lack of professional staff; “aging” of medical personnel; low level of management culture of medical workers; absence or weak formation of feedback mechanisms; the lack of a developed system of quality control criteria, etc. Overcoming the impact of these negative factors requires the development and implementation of activities aimed at optimizing management interactions, including increasing the interest of managers in improving the functioning of the rehabilitation and recovery system; awareness of the need for collegial decision-making; involvement of all medical personnel in the implementation of events to improve the activities of the institution, etc. In addition, it is necessary to develop a system of criteria to assess the efficiency of the functioning of the management system from the perspective of all its factors. 

Keywords: system of rehabilitation and recovery provision, system of administrative interactions, social management.

Abstract. Information culture is one of the relevant topics of contemporary pedagogy. Information as is the base of each society includes a raft of knowledge about a definite society, its social and cultural characteristics as its patterns of evolution. Information is also a key factor of a society development. Information culture particularly as the culture of information processing, preservation and transfer ensures the full survival and evolution of a society. This raises the need for consideration of the information culture as a separate issue conditional on social changes within a society as the result of an interaction between the society and environment. The specificity of modern information culture is determined by the uniqueness of current social realities. The ongoing computerization of the society which marks the development of new technologies influences diverse social areas of individuals, affecting their information culture. Information which is being passed around a closed space on the principle: individual-society-individual goes beyond the local context of the society and becoming a part of the global information environment of Internet. The information culture of individuals, approaches to knowledge as information guidelines are changing at the same time. The virtual information space has proved more functional and flexible than the real information environment and that’s why it is becoming a main environment for social practices of individuals. Internet is especially popular among young people not only as a highly demanded means of communication but also as the main source of information. Despite several advantages, however, the information environment of the virtual space has a negative effect on the real social environment, biological and social skills of individuals. This impacts on information culture of members of society and the need for research of the new information paradigm. As an example of the information culture in this article is considered the information culture of IR students.

Keywords: information culture, IR students, environmental component, deviation, Internet.

Abstract. The article proposes an author’s vision of the components of the preparation process of a student for playing with the orchestra in order to identify features and search for ways to optimize the work of a special class teacher. 

Keywords: performance with the orchestra, the violin Concerto, forms of work, musician and songwriter.

Abstract. The article considers the peculiarities of training international specialists that recognize the necessity of making adjustments to the educational process of higher education institutions offering programmes in international relations. The author claims that these features point to the importance of training modern-day specialists in international relations how to work with print and electronic mass media. These factors are as follows: the process of computerization, information war, a peculiar way of thinking of digital natives. The article gives special attention to the specifics and aims of programmes and specialty courses in print and electronic media in response to changing realities in the society.

Keywords: information, data set, educational process, print and electronic mass media, specialists in international relations.

Annotation. The article considers the possibilities of constructing and redesigning of a psychological system and constructing of a new configuration of an individual and personal construct. The subject of self-transformation operates with basic natural data of individual-typological properties, social formations of personality and creates creative constructions of personality. The occurrence of arbitrary changes (“compositions”) is produced by motivational dissatisfaction with the initial indicators, the idea of the limitlessness of the available personal data and the need to go beyond the limits of functional opportunities. Creative inputs, produced by combinatorics of operating with qualities of different genesis, make up plans and programs for individual and personal changes. This provides the subject of self-construction and self-transformation with effective communication, the dynamics of contact, interpersonal interaction and approaching another attractive significant person. Combinatorial variability of the individual and personal construct is the destruction of previously existing structures and the inclusion of other combinations and configurations that have occurred. The dynamic mobility of structural changes in the individual and personal construct creates psychological constructions of a new type, designed to solve problems of self-transformation and self-regulation or communicative approach. The dynamic mobility of structural changes, which consists in combining a multitude of elements combinations, allows the subject of self-transformation to go beyond the limits of the functional capabilities of systems of different genesis (biological, social, psychological).

Keywords: anthropocentric nature of psychological variability, genesis of variability of individual and personal construct, limits and their formation, variative possibilities of arbitrary changes, creative combinatorics of system analysis, psychological and anthropological space of internal arbitrary actions, cognitive level of subjective ideas, constructed fields of mental activity, functional and operational qualities, the subject of self-regulation and self-organization (selftransformation and self-changes).

Abstract. This article considers the problem of teacher’s professionalism, the importance of taking into account various methodological and conceptual approaches to its study as diverse and complementary. The article touches upon the need to consider this phenomenon in different conceptual systems. The proposed approach will allow to identify the principal positions in determining the essential characteristics of the teacher’s professionalism, its structural and functional parameters and dynamic characteristics. The author seeks to follow the process of complex combination and use of the provisions, analyzed conceptual approaches, creates background for a deep realization of the essence of the teacher’s professionalism, effective modeling of its contents, and scientific and methodological foundations for the formation of pedagogical profile in educational institutions of higher education as a strategic direction of their professional training. The idea that it is necessary to take into account not only the revealed content of these approaches but also the dynamic direction of their development that substantially changes the paradigmatic bases of studying the teacher’s professionalism and determines the transitions from elemental, atomistic orientation to an integral, system-structural, from a narrow activity, technocratic – to anthropocentric, humanistic, from rigidly-normative, standardized – to individual-creative, subjective. The article touches upon the theme of teacher’s professionalism, the process of its formation at future workers of the pedagogical sphere, a rather specific and complex structured pedagogical system that covers various components, elements and their functional interrelations that require reasonable identification and theoretical modeling, as well as finding system-forming factors for pedagogical management processes of its formation and development. The article reveals the problems of traditional models of pedagogical systems based on the principles of classical science, considered students and pupils as objects of influence, the subject-object understanding of the pedagogical process was interpreted as the formation of a personality with given properties, and education as a translation of the amount of knowledge, know-hows and skills from a teacher to the students. This led to a rigid regulation of pedagogical activities such as the “educational machine”, “normalization” of the initiative and creativity of the teacher, the “survivability” of the authoritarian style of relations that restrain the personal and professional development of the teacher that hinder his or her self-realization. Such types of pedagogical systems function as closed, they are deprived of the ability to self-development, therefore they exhaust their possibilities and have no prospects. 

Keywords: Traditional models of pedagogical systems, teacher’s professionalism, system approaches, pedagogical concepts, psychological directions in development, professional potential, pedagogical activity, system forming factors

Abstract: This article reveals the essence of the socio-economic crisis. It analyzes the possibilities of various approaches to understanding the nature of the socio-economic crisis, including the concept, signs, indicators, classification of the crisis, as well as its relationship with various socio-psychological phenomena. It analyzes the crisis factors, the mechanisms of the crisis. It also considers the practice of overcoming the socio-economic crisis.

Keywords: the concept of the socio-economic crisis, indicators of the socio-economic crisis, types of the socio-economic crisis, negative social and psychological phenomena, social tension, conflicts, panic of anti-crisis competence, ways to overcome the socio-economic crisis. 

Abstract. In the article the comparative legal analysis of legal regulation of activities of public monitoring commissions in Russia and Belarus. The analysis was applied to parameters such as the order of formation of commissions, the volume of the control authority, logistical and financial support for their activities.

Keywords: public control, public monitoring commissions, rights of convicts, penal correction system.