№8 (128) — 2019

Abstract. The article is devoted to the analysis of the activities of various institutions of the Soviet state to include the citizens of the USSR, who professed Islam, in the struggle to preserve peace on Earth. The relevance of the topic is determined by the need to reflect on the historical experience of the management decisions of the Soviet state in solving complex foreign policy tasks while relying on the potential of Muslim spiritual administrations and the creative application of this experience, taking into account the current situation. Based on the archival material first introduced into circulation, the content of the Council for Religious Religious Affairs, which was the most public body of the Soviet state for interaction with Muslim spiritual departments in foreign policy issues, which determines the novelty of the study, was reviewed. With the help of the analysis of documents, the system of the activity of the Soviet state in interaction with the spiritual departments of Muslims and the results obtained for the state and Soviet Muslims are shown.

Abstract. Due to the need to revive spiritual and moral education traditions nowadays, it’s becoming extremely topical to appeal to the historical and pedagogical experience of the past, which shows the examples of true love for the Motherland and the desire of some outstanding personalities to share not only military experience, but also to make an invaluable contribution to the preservation of cultural and historical heritage of Russia. The personality of the outstanding representative of the Romanov dynasty, Grand Duke Alexander Mikhaylovich Romanov, can be referred to such figures of the state level. He was an officer, educator and creator of large-scale educational projects which purpose was to develop a public initiative in the sphere of spiritual, moral, patriotic, educational and cultural values promotion. In this article, based on axiological, system and generalizing approaches, the specificity of his pedagogical and educational activity is revealed. It also allows studying the XIX century phenomenon of the Russian military leaders’ activity considerable part of which was devoted to educational work in aspiration to form the society spiritual and moral basis, and also to increase the Russian Empire population cultural, social and educational level.

Abstract. This work deals with the formation of immigration legislation in the United States in relation to representatives of European immigration in the last decades of the 19th century – the beginning of 20th century. The author of this work finds out the main trends and specific features of the immigration policy and reveals important stages of its formation. The main attention is paid to the analysis of evolution of public opinion of European immigrants and its influence to formation of a restrictionist course in American immigration legislation.

Abstract. The article reviews state of the Finnish Orthodox Church during the first Soviet-Finnish war (1939–1940) and the second Soviet-Finnish war (1940–1945), which is characterized by serious changes in its administrative system. It gives an overview of difficulties that appeared before Church Administration because of the evacuation of large part of Finnish parish from Karelian Isthmus and Northern Priladozhie to internal parts of Finland after the Moscow Peace Treaty of 1940. The article provides information on material losses of the Church and on placement of evacuated parishes and analyzes program of joint actions between the state and church’s leadership aimed to overcome problems in the life of Orthodox parishes. This topic includes impossibility of compact placement of parishioners from one parish and the difficulties arising from it in aspect of pastoral care. Information on return of Orthodox population to the territories occupied by Finnish troops, but previously were passed to the Soviet Union, on the restoration of parochial life and the repair of church buildings in 1941–1944 is also provided in the article. Attention is paid to the activities of the extraordinary Church Council of 1942 and the Commission for Spiritual Restoration, which was expressed in the creation of the Union of Orthodox Youth and other educational and outreach activities.

Abstract. The article is devoted to the research of two famous leaders–reformer Pyotr Arkadyevich Stolypin and innovator Steve Jobs. The purpose of the article is to reconstruct the psychological portraits of P.A. Stolypin and S. Jobs through their time perception. Zimbardo’s time perspective theory was used as the theoretical foundation for the study of time perception; to distinguish the personal traits of the leaders was used the Big Five and 16PF of R.B. Cattell. There were used content analysis and systematic text condensation based on the transcripts, biographical books, and collections of statements of P.A. Stolypin and Steve Jobs in this research. There was a similarity in the time perception. According to the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, the value of the Future is close to the maximum, Present Fatalistic is minimal, Present Hedonistic is not revealed, Past Negative is minimal, and Past Positive is close to the maximum. Many negative events of the past were for them a challenge and an incentive for progress. They did not recognize the idea of predetermination of fate and believed in their ability to make the world a better place. They had long-term goals, they made plans for the future, focused on prospects and tried to calculate the possible results of their actions. The psychological portraits of P.A. Stolypin and S. Jobs also turned out to be similar by such traits as openness, conscientiousness and extraversion. They were characterized by the following traits: open-to-change, bold, private, self-reliant, and high level of perfectionism. In general, we can conclude that P.A. Stolypin and S. Jobs were both transformational leaders.

Abstract. The means and methods of ideological workin the Korean People’s Democratic Republica reconsidered. Proposalson improving ideological workin the Russian Federation are formulated.

Abstract. The article discusses the role of immigration in shaping ethnic and religious structure of Boston – the city that has always played a unique cultural role in American life. Boston’s “new immigrants’ of late 20th – early 21st centuries are placed within a broader historical context. The main roots of “old immigration” from England (till 1830s), Ireland, Italy, Russian Empire are analyzed. During almost 400 years of its history the city experienced periods of prosperity and decline, racial segregation and economic depression. Speaking about “new immigration” of late 20th – early 21st centuries the authors pay particular attention to its diversity and the impact of global economy, US foreign policy, mass media and new means of communication. Dramatically different situation was the result of a new immigration legislation (Immigration Act, 1965).

Abstract. In article questions of the organization of patriotic education in youth in the conditions of a small city are considered.

Abstract. Upbringing of the younger generation is an urgent task of any society. The success of the development and prosperity of the country depends on the position of citizens and their personal qualities. Humanity has accumulated a wealth of experience in the upbringing of young people, the account of which will competently build the upbringing process in modern conditions, to avoid mistakes. The historical experience and genesis of the problem of upbringing of pupils in the methodology of teaching biology and ecology. Features of upbringing process in various chronological periods of development of human society are revealed. Accent is focused on the formation and development of the system of upbringing in the national biological and environmental education of pupils. It is noted that the upbringing of the younger generation originates in primitive society. Over the centuries, depending on socio-economic conditions, priority has been given to various types of upbringing. At all times, the integrity of the worldview, independent thinking, diligence to work and study, citizenship, patriotism, morality, cultural values, family traditions, the ability to communicate, love nature, preserve and increase its wealth were valued. Various forms, methods and means of upbringing were used – from moderate and liberal-democratic to radical and harsh. The experience of upbringing in the national school by means of wildlife has more than 230 years. To date, the methodology of teaching biology and ecology revealed the theoretical and practical basis of upbringing of pupils. The transition of general education institutions of Russia to the federal state educational standards of general education requires the development of new approaches to the process of upbringing in the system of biological-ecological education of pupils.

Abstract. Adaptation is a process that a person encounters in daily life and activities. The article is devoted to the phenomenon of personal adaptation in the social environment. Personality is considered through the social-individual and personal levels. Based on this analysis of the personality, as well as the concept of socialization, a transition is made to its subjectness. The subjectivity of a person is considered as an ambivalent characteristic in an individual’s desire to “be like others” and the characteristics of individuality in the process of interaction. The characteristic features of subjectivity are presented: individual level, social level, interiorization, exteriorization and sustainability. Adaptation is analyzed separately as an exit of a person from a steady state. The author proposed the best options for the interaction of the individual with the social environment, allowing her to adapt to certain parameters.

Abstract. The article presents the results of an empirical study assessing the management situation of introducing digitalization in 8 construction organizations. Its socio-psychological aspects are considered: organizational culture, socio-psychological climate, personnel potential. The multi-level system of social and psychological conditions for introducing digitalization is revealed through an assessment of the complex reciprocal interaction of the personality of the implementation participants, the implementation environment (group, organization, society), situation. The article focuses on the level of the management situation. The platform is used by Cynefin D. Snowden, for which the author’s questionnaire is presented. The results of the factor analysis of the relationship of management situations and socio-psychological conditions for the introduction of digital technologies in construction organizations are presented.

Abstract. This article deals with the problem of the operationalization of managerial identity. Since this construct has been little studied, at the moment there is no definite structure and methods for studying it. There are several articles on managerial identity abroad, but they are few in comparison with articles describing other types of identity.  There is the only work on managerial identity in the field of psychology belonging to M.Yu. Kuzmina in Russia. In her Ph.D. thesis, she introduces this concept into circulation and shows the categories included in managerial identity. The article proposes three methods for further study of this construct. The first is the Self-assessment of managerial skills based on the managerial qualities of the manager, the second one is the Role-playing repertoire of a manager based on the manager role model of T.Yu. Bazarov and the third one is the Self-assessment of the manager personal traits based on a 5-factor personality model (Big Five).

Abstract.The article deals with some methodological approaches to the study of the problems of the system of correspondence higher musical and pedagogical education. In particular, the concept of “educational environment”, purposefully correcting which, according to the author, it is possible to manage the fundamental paradigm of distance learning and influence the end result – professional training of music teachers. The author emphasizes in the definitions of the concept of “training” the obligatory presence of intention, horizontal perspective, implying an individual vector and speed of movement, as well as the principle of dialogicity. The article notes a significant motivation to receive education in the chosen profile of a part-time student who has a fairly high level of personal aspirations, having a significant life and, often, professional experience, is constantly in the pedagogical environment, but most of the time – outside the educational environment of the University. The independence of the future music teacher, his autonomy is associated with the quality and level of his motivation and methodological equipment.

Abstract. The article is devoted to the substantiation of the modern psychological and pedagogical paradigm of the methods of interactive learning and the development of the personality of schoolchildren, high school students, students and other categories of students in the holistic educational and social development process. The article reveals microgroup psychotechnology, implied, in particular, as a universal means for the implementation of inclusive education and training of schoolchildren and students and the social rehabilitation of different age groups and different health states of people (people with disabilities) in interactive forms, including activities conducted with the elderly in social service centers. We note that the development of psychocorrectional and adaptation-but-rehabilitation programs using the microgroup method involves reliance on the principle of the adequacy of the technologies used to the goals and objectives of the program, the principle of consistency, that is, covering all aspects of the cognitive, personal and behavioral areas of the program participants; the principle of integrity, that is, the use of diverse and variable psycho-correction and rehabilitation methods and technologies in each program; the principle of conformity of the proposed methods and technologies with age features, levels of intellectual and speech development, as well as the specifics of the characteristics of the limited health capabilities of participants in such a program.

Abstract. The article presents a theoretical analysis of the problems of professional and personal development. It is noted that self-actualization and social status are the conditions for the professional and personal development of employees of the units of the preliminary investigation of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The aim of the study is to study the relationship between the social status of investigators in the service team and the desire of employees to self-actualization. The research methods used: observation (short-term, selective, direct), sociometry of J. Moreno, questionnaire for the diagnosis of self-actualization of personality (A.V. Lazukin in the adaptation of N.F. Kalina). Correlations and significant differences that reveal the content of the mutual influences of self-actualization and the social status of investigators are described. Analysis of the results of the study showed that low-status investigators to a greater extent understand the value of life at the current moment, share the values of the self-actualizing personality, and high-status investigators are inclined to harmonious and stable interpersonal relationships, relate with greater sympathy and trust to people.

Abstract. The article is devoted to the analysis of the results of the study of the content of the experiences of their pregnancy in women prone to deviant maternity. The article presents an analysis of the problem of deviant motherhood, explores approaches to understanding deviant motherhood, analyzes the definitions of the concept of “deviant motherhood” by various researchers, and presents the author’s understanding of this phenomenon. The factors leading to the formation of deviant maternity, which can be divided into three groups: the socio-economic, family and personal characteristics of women. On the basis of ideas about deviant motherhood and factors of its occurrence, given that family relationships and personal characteristics of parents are important factors in the emergence of deviant motherhood, the authors of the article emphasize the need to analyze the emotional attitude of women to motherhood and pregnancy. The article presents the results of an empirical study of the emotional attitude of women to motherhood in general, to the course of pregnancy, to lifestyle during pregnancy, to forthcoming childbirth, to breastfeeding a baby, to herself, as an expectant mother, to her unborn child in women with different types of attitudes towards pregnancy, among which such types as anxious, euphoric, hypogesognosic belong to the risk group of deviant maternity. A diagram of the conversation is shown, an analysis of the phenomenological composition of feelings and meanings, which has motherhood for women, is presented.

Abstract. The problem of coping behavior is considered by foreign and domestic researchers for a long time, however, empirical studies aimed at studying coping strategies in the context of emotional intelligence are not sufficiently represented. It is worth paying attention to the study of the designated aspect in adolescence, since this period is key in the formation of personality, when young men face many tasks that need to be addressed, both related to their professional development and to the development of their worldview and inner “I”. The article discusses the results of studying the features of the relationship of coping strategies with emotional intelligence in adolescence. The study used the questionnaire “Methods of coping behavior” R. Lazarus and the questionnaire D.V. Lucina “EmIn”, aimed at the study of emotional intelligence. With the help of correlation analysis, the specificity of the relationship between coping strategies and components of emotional intelligence in groups of young men with a level of emotional intelligence lower and higher than average is described and described. It has been shown that for boys with emotional intelligence, below average, it is intrinsic to weaken its intrapersonal component, as well as to update non-adaptive copings. In the case of emotional intelligence below average, the psychological phenomenon of a shift to the risk of deployment of conflicting behavior by young men as a way of coping with difficult life circumstances is recorded. Boys whose emotional intelligence is above average implement adaptive coping strategies. In the case of emotional intelligence above the average, the youth’s orientation towards self-development is revealed, when coping with difficulties is reflexed by them, first of all, as a life task, the solution of which becomes personal development and the extension of life experience. The results of the study are of undoubted practical significance and can be used by specialists for timely professional psychological help to young men who find themselves in a difficult life situation.

Abstract. Psychologists are thinking about the problem of predicting the personality of their development and, in general, their predictive abilities for a long time. This study is a look at the problem from the point of view of an integrated approach that combines psychological techniques, techniques and sports. Chess as a sport contributes to the development of human thinking, attention and memory, there are a number of studies about this. The study presented in the article aims to prove the effectiveness of a combination of chess and psychological training for the development of the prognostic potential of an individual. The prognostic potential of an individual is a relatively new concept that was introduced into the scientific everyday life by N.I. Kalakov and his students. The prognostic potential of an individual is an integrative personal education with a complex structure (cognitive, affective, motivational, and behavioral components). To evaluate it, the method of LA was modified Regush, which in combination with the method of D. Marx on the brightness and clarity of the emerging images in a person, allows to assess the level of expression of the prognostic potential of a person. The article presents the results of the formative experiment on the development of the prognostic potential of the students’ personality using the author’s program. The results of the experiment prove that the combination of psychological training with systematic chess lessons has a greater effect on the development of prognostic potential of the personality and the associated personal characteristics compared with only lessons of chess.

Abstract. The purpose of the study was a comparative analysis of the characteristics of motivational, semantic spheres of personality and coping strategies of mature people with suicidal behavior and their peers with normative behavior, as well as the study of the mutual influence of these features within both samples. Mature age suicides have a high level of suicidal motivation, a combination of adaptive and non-adaptive coping strategies and an existential crisis. Risk factors for the development of suicidal motivation that determines suicidal behavior include the loss of life meaning, coping strategies of distancing and self-control. Distancing also contributes to the development of an existential crisis in people with suicidal behavior. The protective factors of suicide and the development of an existential crisis in maturity include meaningfulness of life, existential execution, coping strategies for a positive reassessment of the situation, planning a solution to the problem and seeking social support.

Abstract. The article considers the evaluation of the parameters of the controlled process by the pilots in the mode of manual approximation of the relative range and speed of convergence. angular, line-of-sight speed, orientation, with simulator training.

The study found that the indicator of the quality of the pilot’s activity invariant to the conditions of the convergence mode is carried out by the accumulation of data in the performance of tasks providing simulation modeling of the manual mode of convergence controlled by the human operator during simulator training.

Abstract. At present, in the global space, where globalization processes are intensifying, changes in the spiritual and moral perception of the world by the younger generation are being transformed. In connection with these prerequisites, global challenges dictate steady changes in all spheres of life of any individual on the planet. The aim of the work is to trace, through a sociological survey, the influence of physical development on the spiritual potential of students of the Stupinsky branch of the Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University). The objectives of the study are to collect data from the survey and the subsequent analysis of students’ responses, their discussion, identification and justification of using the necessary methods and techniques for solving this issue. On the basis of anonymous individual responses of students, the main trends in relation to physical education at the institute were revealed, under the influence of which not only the physical but also the spiritual component of the respondents was formed. As a result, peculiarities of students’ answers were identified and recommendations were given on how to form the spiritual world of students under the influence of physical education classes, motivating physical loads as both the physical and spiritual components of the educational process at a technical university.

Abstract. This paper discusses issues related to the organization of students’ independent work in the process of teaching computer science and other disciplines of the information cycle. The concept of independent work of students is given, the influence of such work on the effectiveness of training is analyzed (on the example of students of higher and secondary educational institutions studying in legal specialties), its functions are studied. The classification of independent work on various grounds is described, examples of practical tasks are given. The problem of control and self-control of independent work is touched upon, recommendations are developed on the modernization of the student training quality control system.